Mannat aur A’had ke Ehkaam

2598. “Mannat” yeh hai ke insaan apne a’ap par waajib kar le keh Allah ta’ala ki raza ke liye koi achha kaam karega ya koi aisa kaam jis ka na karna behtar ho tark kar dega.

2599. Mannat meinsegha padhna zaruri hai magar laazim nahin keh segha a’rbi mein hi padha jaye lehaaza agar koi shakhs kahe keh “mera mareez sehatyaab hogaya to Allah ki khatir mujh par laazim hai keh main das rupayye faqeer ko doon” to oos ki mannat sahi hai. Ya yoon kahe keh Allah ki khatir main ne yeh mannat maani hai to ehtayaat-e-waajib ki bina par zaruri hai keh oos par a’mal kare. Laikin agar Alaah ka naam na le sirf yeh kahe keh main ne mannat maani hai ya auliya allah mein se kisi ka naam le to mannat sahi nahi hai. Agar nazr sahi ho aur mukallif jaan bhoojh kar oos par a’mal na kare to goonaah hai. Oose chahiye keh kaffara de. Mannat poori na karne ka kaffara qasam ki mukhalefat karne ke jaisa kaffara hai oos ka bayaan ba’d mein hoga.

2600. Zaruri hai keh mannat manne wala baaligh aur a’aqil ho neiz apne iraade aur ikhtayaar ke saathh mannat maane. Lehaaza kisi aise shakhs ka mannar manna jise majboor kiya jaye ya jo jazbaat mein aakar baghair iraade ke be ikhtayaar mannat maane to sahi nahin hai.

2601. Koi safia (woh shakhs jo apna maal bekaar kaamon mein kharch karta ho) agar mannat maane maslan yeh keh koi cheez faqeer ko dega to oos ki mannat sahi nahin hai. Isii tarah se agar koi diwaaliya shakhs mannat maane keh maslan apne oos maal mein se jis mein tasarruf karne se oose rok diya gya ho koi cheez faqeer ko dega to oos ki mannat sahi nahi hai.

2602. Aurat ka shauhar se ijaazat liye baghair oon kaamon mein mannat manna jo shauhar ke haqooq ke manafi hon ya mannat ke ba’d ijaazat lenaa sahi nahi hai. Agarche shaadi se pahle mannat maane aur aurat ka apne maal mein shauhar ki ijaazat ke baghair mannat manna mehal ishkaal hai. Iis liye ehtayaat ki ra’uyiyat karna zaruri hai. Laikin (apne maal mein se shauhar ki ijaazat ke baghair) hajj karna, aur sadqa dena aur maa baap se jin salook aur rishtedaaron se sulah rehami karna (sahi hai).

2603. Agar aurat shauhar ki ijaazat se mannat maane to shauhar oos ki mannat khatm nahin kar sakta aur naa hi oose mannat par a’mal karne se rok sakta hai.

2604. Bete ke mannat manne par baap ki ijaazat shart nahin laikin agar baap ya maan oose iis kaam se jis ki oos ne mannat maani ho mana’ kare aur oon ka yeh mana’ karna shafqat ki bina par ho jis ki mukhalfat karna oon ki azeeyat ka sabab ho to bete ki mannat batil hai.

2605. Insaan kisi aise kaam ki mannat maan sakta hai jise anjaam denaa oos ke liye mumkin ho. Lehaaza jo shakhs maslan paidal chal kar karbala na ja sakta ho agar woh mannat maane keh wahan tak paidal jayegaa to oos ki mannat sahi nahi hai. Agar mannat maante vaqt qudrat rakhta thha aur ba’d mein a’ajiz ho jaye top oos ka mannat manna batil hai aur oos par kuchh bhi waajib nahin siwaye oon mawaq’e mein jahan roza rakhne ki mnnat maani ho aur roza ba rakh sake to ehtayaat-e-waajib yeh hai keh har din ke roze ke ba’d 750 gram ghiza faqeer ko sadqa de ya 150 gram ghiza oos aadmi ko de jo oos ke badle roza rakhega.

2606. Agar koi shakhs mannat maane keh koi haraam ya makruh kaam anjaam degaa ya koi waajib ya mustahab kaam tark kar degaa to oos ki mannat sahi nahin hai.

2607. Agar koi shakhs mannat maane keh kisi mubaah kaam ko anjaam dega ya tark karega. Lehaaza agar oos kaam ka baja laana aur tark karna har lehaaz se massawi ho to oos ki mannat sahi nahin. Aur agar oos kaam ka anjaam denaa shara’ee lehaaz se behtar ho aur insaan mannat bhi oosi lehaaz se maane maslan mannat maane keh koi (khaas) ghiza khayega takeh Allah ki I’badat ke liye oose tawanayee hasil ho to oos ki mannat sahi hai. Agar oos kaam ka tark karna shara’ee lehaaz se behtar ho aur insaan mannat bhi oosi lehaaz se maane keh oos kaam ko tark kar degaa maslan choonk eh tambakoo ko mazr (sehat) aur wazayif shara’ee ko ehsan tareeqe se anjaam dene mein rukaawat hai iis liye mannat maane keh oose iste’maal nahin karega to oos ki mannat sahi hai. Laikin agar ba’d mein tambakoo ka iste’maal tark karna oos ke liye nuqsaandeh ho to oos ki mannat ka la’dam ho jayega.

2608. Agar koi shakhs mannat maane keh waajib namaaz aisii jagah padhegaa jahan bajaye khud namaaz padhne ka sawaab zayada nahin, maslan mannat maane keh namaaz kamre mein padhegaa to agar wahan namaaz padhna shara’ee lehaaz se behtar ho, maslan chukeh wahan khaloot hai iis liye insaan hazoor qalb paida kar sakta hai, agar oos ke mannat manne ka maqsad yehi hai to mannat sahi hai.

2609. Agar ek shakhs koi a’mal baja lane ki mannat maane to zaruri hai keh woh a’mal oosi tarah baja laye jis tarah mannat maani ho. Lehaaza agar mannat maane keh mahine ki pahli tareekh ko sadqz degaa ya roza rakhegaa ya (mahine ki pahli tareekh ko) awwal maah ki namaaz padhegaa to agar oos din se pahle ya ba’d mein oos a’mal ko baja laaye to kaafi nahi hai. Isii tarah agar koi shakhs mannat maane keh jab oos ka mareez sehatyaab ho jayega to woh sadqa degaa to agar oos mareez ke sehatyaab hone se pahle sadqa de de to kaafi hai.

2610. Agar koi shakhs roza rakhne ki mannat maane laikin rozon ka vaqt aur ta’adaad mo’yyin na kare to agar woh ek roza rakhe to kaafi hai. Agar namaaz padhne ki mannat maane aur namaazon ki miqdaar aur khususiyaat mo’yyin na kare to agar ek do rak’ati namaz witr padh le to kaafi hai. Agar mannat maane keh sadqa degaa aur sadqa ki jins aur miqdaar mo’yyin na kare to agar aisii cheezein de keh log kahen keh oos ne sadqa diya hai to phir oos ne apni mannat ke mutabiq a’mal kar diya hai. Agar mannat maane keh koi kaam Allah ta’ala ki khushnudgi ke liye baja layegaa to agar ek (do rak’ati) namaaz padh le ya ek roza rakh le ya koi cheez sadqa de de to oos ne apni mannat poori kar li hai.

2611. Agar koi shakhs mannat maane keh ek khaas din roza rakhega to zaruri hai keh oosi din roza rakhe aur jaan bhoojh kar roza na rake to zaruri hai keh oos din ke roze ki qaza ke a’lawa kaffara bhi de laikin oos din woh ikhtayaaran yeh kar sakta hai keh saqfar kare aur roza na rakhe. Agar safar mein ho to laazim nahin keh thherne ki niyyat kar ke roza rakhe. Aur oos suurat mein jabkeh safar ki wajah se ya kisi dusre azr maslan beemari ya haiz ki wajah se roza na rakhe to laazim hai keh roza ki qaza kare laikin kaffara nahin hai.

2612. Agar insaan haalat e ikhtayaar mein apni mannat par a’mal na kare to kafaara denaa zaruri hai.

2613. Agar koi shakhs ek mo’yyin vaqt tak koi a’maltark karne ki mannat maane to oos vaqt ke guzarne ke ba’d oos a’mal ko baja la sakta hai. Laikin phir bhi laazim hai keh woh vaqt aane tak oos a’mal ko anjaam na de aur agar oos vaqt ke aane se pahle baghair uzr ko dobara anjaam de to zaruri hai keh kaffara de.

2614. Jis shakhs ne koi a’mal tark karne mannat maani ho aur oos ke liye koi vaqt mo’yyin bna kiya ho agar woh bhool kar ya baamr ya ghaflat ya ashtaba ki wajah se oos a’’mal ko anjaam de ya koi oos ko majboor kare ya jahil qasir ho to oos par kaffara waajib nahin hai. Laikin oos ki nazr baaqi rahe aur agar oos ke ba’d jab bhi bahaalat ikhtayaar oos a’mal ko baja laye zaruri hai keh kaffara de.

2615. Agar koi shakhs mannat maane keh har haft eek mo’yyin din ka maslan jumm’e ka roza rakhegaa to agar ek jume’ ke din Eid ul fitr ya Eid ul Qurban pad jaye ya juma’ ke din oose koi azr maslan safar dar pesh ho ya haiz aa jaye to zaruri hai keh oos din roza na rakhe aur oos ki qaza baja laye.

2616. Agar koi shakhs mannat maane keh ek mo’yyin miqdaar mein sadqa degaa to agar woh sadqa dene se pahle mar jaye to waaris ko oos ke maal mein se ootni miqdaar mein sadqa denaa laazim nahin hai aur behtar yeh hai keh oos ke baaligh wirsa meeraas mein se oose apne hisse se ootni miqdaar mayyat ki taraf se sadqa de dein.

2617. Agar koi shakhs mannat maane keh ek mo’yyin faqeer ko sadqa degaa to kisi dusre ko nahin de sakta aur agar woh mo’yyin karda faqeer mar jaye to oos ke wirsa ko pohoonchaana laazim nahin hai.

2618. Agar koi shakhs mannat maane keh a’ima alaihemus salaam mein se kisi ek ki maslan Hazrat Husain alaihe salaam ki zayaarat se musharraf hoga to agar woh kisi dusre Imam ki ziyaarat ke liye jaye to yeh kaafi nahin hai aur agar kisi azr kis wajah se oon Imam (a. s) ki ziyaarat na kar sake to oos par kuchh bhi waajib nahin hai.

2619. Jis shakhs ne ziyaarat katrne ki mannat maani ho laikin ghusl ziyaarat aur oos ki namaaz ki mannat na maani ho to oos ke liye oonhein baja lana laazim nahin hai.

2620. Agar koi shakhs kisi Imam ya Imaamzaade ke haram ke liye maal kharch karne ki mannat maane keh aur koi khaas musarraf mo’yyin na kareto zaruri hai keh oos maal ko oos haram ki ta’ameer (wa marammat) roshnion aur qaleen waghairah par surf kare. Agar aisaa karna mumkin na ho yaw o haram mukammil taur par beneyaaz ho to oos haram ke zarurat mand zayereen ki maddad mein kharch kare.

2621. Agar koi shakhs paighambar Akram sallallaho alaihe wa a’lehi wassallam ya a’ima alaihe mus salaam mein se kisi Imaam zaadeya u’amaye saabeqeen aur oon jaisii hastion mein se kisi ke liye koi cheez nazr kare to agar kisi mo’yyin massarruf ki niyyat ki ho to zaruri hai keh oos cheez ko oosi massarruf mein laye. Aur agar kisi mo’yyin massarruf ki niyyat na ki ho to zaruri hai keh oose aise massarruf mein le aaye jo oon Hazrat se nisbat rakhta ho maslan oon ke naadaar zayereen pkharch kare ya oon ke haram ke massarif par kharch kare ya aise kaamon mein kharch kare jo oon ka tazkerah a’am karne ka sabab hon.

2622. Jis bhed ko sadqe ke liye ya kisi Imaam ke liye nazr kiya jaye agar woh nazr ke massarruf mein laye jaane se pahle dhoodh de ya bachcha jane to woh (dhoodh ya bachcha) oos ka maal hai jis ne oos bhed kio nazr kiya ho, magar yeh keh oos ki niyyat a’am ho (y’ani nazr karne waale ne oos bhed, oos ke bachche aur dhoodh waghairah sab cheezon ki mannat maani ho to woh sab nazr hai) albatta bhed ki uoon aur jis miqdaar mein woh farba ho jaye nazr ka jazu hai.

2623. Jab koi mannat maane keh agar ooska mareez tandrust ho jaye ya oos ka musafir waapas aa jaye to woh falan kaam karegaa to agar pata chale keh mannat manne se pahle mareez tandrust ho gaya thha ya musaafir aa gaya thha to phir manna par a’mal karna laazim nahin.

2624. Agar baap ya maa manna maaney keh apni beti ki shaadi kisi sayeed zaade ya kisi shakhs se karege to ladki ke baare mein waldain ki mannat ki koi ehmiyat nahin aur ladki kisi cheez ki mukallif nahin.

2625. Jab koi shakhs Allah Ta’ala se a’had kare keh jab oos ki koi mo’yyin shara’ee haajat poori ho jayegi to falan kaam karegaa. Pas jab ooski haajat poori ho jaye to zaruri hai woh kaam anjaam de. Neiz agar woh kisi haajat ka zikr kiye baghair a’had keh falan kaam anjaam degaa to woh kaam karna oos par waajib ho jata hai.

2626. A’had mein bhi mannat ki tarah segha padhna zaruri hai. Maslan yoon keh den keh main Khuda se a’had karta hoon keh main yeh kaam karoonga. Yeh zaruri nahin hai keh jis kaam ka a’had kiya jaye woh shar’ee taur par achchha ho balkeh oosi qadr kaafi hai keh shari’at mein oos kaam se na roka gaya ho aur a’qla ke nazdeek ba maqsad qarra paaye. Ya oos shakhs ke liye oos mein koi masslihat ho aur agar a’had karne ke ba’d aisa ho jaye keh oos kaam ki koi masslihat na rahe ya shar’an tarjeeh ke qabil na rahe aur makruh qarrar paya jaye to zaruri hai keh oos par a’mal kare.

2627. Agar koi shakhs apne a’had par a’mal na kare to woh goonaahgaar hai aur zaruri hai keh kaffara de y’ani saathh faqeeron ko pait bhar kar khaana khilaye ya do mahine musalsal roze rakhe ya ek ghulaam ko aazaad kare.