2232. Momenoon ko khasusan oon zaruratmando ko qarz dena mustahab kaamo mein se hai jis ke baare mein ahadees m’asoomeen mein zayada takeed ki gayee hai. Hazoor akram sallallaho alaihe wa a’lehi wassallam ne farmaya: “Jo shakhs kisi momin bahyee ko qarz de aur oose waapas karne ki isteta’at tak mohlat de to aise shakhs ke maal mein izaafa hota hai aur farishte oos par durud bhejhte hain yahan tak keh woh apna qarz waapas le le”. Hazrat Imam ja’fer Sadiq a’laih salaam se manqool hai keh “Ek momin kisi duusre momin ko baqasd qurbat qarz de de to Allah ta’ala oos ko sadqa ka ajr a’ta karta hai yahan tak keh woh apna qarz waapas le le”.
2233. Qarz mein segha padhna laazim nahin balkeh agar ek shakhs dusre ko koi cheez qarz ki niyyat se de aur dasra bhi oosi niyyat se le to qarz sahi hai.
2234. Jab bhi maqruz apna qarza ada kare to qarz khawah ko chahiye keh oose qabool kar le. Laikin agar qarz ada karne ke liye qarz khawah ke kahne se ya dono ke kahne se ek muddat muqarrar ho to oos suurat mein qarz khawah oos muddat ke kkhatm hone se pahle apna qarz ki waapas lene se inkaar kar sakta hai.
2235. agar qarz ke seghe mein qarz ki waapasi ki muddat mo’yyin kar di jaaye aur muddat ka t’aeen maqruz ki darkhwast par ho ya janbeen ki darkhawast par, qarz khawah ki darkhawast par hua ho ya qarze ki waapasi ke liye koi muddat mo’yyin na ki gayee ho to qarz jkhawah jab bhi chaahe apne qarz ki adayegi ka mutaleba kar sakta hai.
2236. Agar qarz khawah apne qarz ki adaayegi ka mutaleba kare aur adaayegi ka vaqt muaqarrar na kiya ho ya vaqt poora ho chuuka ho to agar maqruz qarz adaa kar sakta ho to oose chahiye keh fauran ada kar de aur agar adaayegi mein takheer kare to goonaahgaar hai.
2237. Agar maqruz ke paas ek ghar keh jis mein woh rahta ho aur ghar ke asbaab aur oon lauazmat keh jin ki oose zarurat ho aur oon ke baghair oose pareshaani ho aur koi cheez na ho to qarz khawah oos se qarz ki adaayegi ka mutaleba nahin kar sakta balkeh oose chahiye keh sabr kare hatta keh maqruz qarz ada karne ke qabil ho jaaye.
2238. Jo shakhs maqruz ho aur apna qarz ada na kar sakta ho to agar oos ke liye kaam karna asaan ho ya oos ka peshaa hi kaam kaaj karna ho to waajib hai keh kaam kaaj kare aur apna qarz ada kare. Balkeh oos ke a’lawa suurat mein bhi keh woh shakhs aisaa kaam kaaj kar sakta ho jo oos ke shayaan shaan ho ehtayaat-e-waajib yeh hai keh kaam kaaj kar ke qarz ada kare.
2239. Jis shakhs ko apna qarz khawah na mil sake mustaqbil mein oos key a oos ke waaris ke milne ki umeed bhi na ho to zaruri hai keh woh qarze ka maal khawah ki taraf se faqeer ko de de aur ehtayaat-e-waajib ki bina par aisa karne ki ijaazat haakim shar’a se le le> Aur agar maqruz ko qarz khawah ya oo ke waaris ke milne ki umeed ho to zaruri hai keh intezaar kare aur oos ko talaash kare aur agar woh na mile to wasiyat kar de keh agar main mar jaoon ayr qarz khawah ya ooa ka waaris mil jaaye to meraa qarz mere maal se ada kiya jaaye.
2240. Agar koi shakhs kuchh raqam ya gandum ya jaw ya iin jaisii cheezein qarz mein le le jin ki qimat badhti ghatti rahti hain to oose chahiye keh itnii hi miqdaar jo oos ne li hai aur aisii hi pasandida safaat kamala waapas de to kaafi hai. Laikin agar maqruz aur qarz khawah oon khususuyaat ke baghair bhi raazi hon to koi ishkal nahin aur agar jo cheez qarz mein li thhi oon cheezon mein se thhi jo aimatan bechii jaati hain jaise bakri waghairah to zaruri hai keh jis din qarz liya thha oosi vaqt ki qimat adaa kare.
2241. Kisi shakhs ne jo maal qarz liya ho agar woh talf na hua ho aur maal ka maalik oos ka mutalebaa kare to zaruri hai keh maqruz wahi maal de de. Agar maqruz denaa chaahe to qarzkhawah chaahe to qabool nahin kar sakta.
2242. Agar qarz dene wala shart a’yed kare keh woh jitni miqdaar mein maal de raha hai oos se zayada waapas legaa maslan ek man gehoon de aur shart a’yed kare keh ek man paanch kilo waapas loonga ya das ande de aur kahe keh gayarah ande waapas loonga to yeh suud aur haraam hai. Balkeh agar tay kare keh maqruz oos ke liye koi kaam karga ya jo cheez li ho woh kisi dusri jins ki kuchh miqdaar ke sathh waapas karega maslan tay kare keh (maqruz ne) jo ek ruppaya liya hai waapas karte vaqt oos ke sathh machis ki ek dibiya bhi de to yeh suud hoga aur haraam hai. Neiz agar maqruz ke sathh shart kare keh jo cheez woh qarz le raha hai oose ek makhsuus tariqe se waapas karega maslan oon ghade sone ki kuchh miqdaar oose de aur shart kare keh ghada hua sonaa waapas lega tab bhi yeh suud aur haraam hoga. Albatta agar qarz khawah koi shart nalagaye balkeh maqruz khud qarze ki miqdaar oose kuchh zayada waapas de to koi ishkaal nahin.
2243. (Qarz par) suud dena suud lene ki tarah haraam hai albatta qaz sahi hai. Jo shakhs suud par qarz le woh oos ka maalik ho jata hai. Albatta qarz dene wala suud ka maalik nahin hota. Aur oos ka ist’maal klarna haraam hai aur agar oos suud se koi cheez khareede to woh oos ka maalik nahin hota. Aur agar iis tarah m’amla hua ho keh suud ka m’ahaida bhi na kiya ho qarz lene wala raazi ho keh qarz dene wala oos raqam ko ist’maal kar le to oos ka ist’maal karna jayez hai. Aur isii tarah agae maslan m’aloom na hone ki wajah se suud le aur massla m’aloom ho jaane par taubaa kar le to oos suurat mein zamana jahaalat mein jo suud oos ne liya thha oos ke liye halaal hai.
2244. Agar koi shakhs gehoon ya oos jaisii koi cheez suudi qarze ke taur par le aur oos ke zariye kasht kare to woh paidaawar ka maalik ho jata hai.
2245. Agar ek shakhs koi lebaas khareede aur b’ad mein oos ki qimat kapde ke maalik ko suudi raqam se de ya aisii halaal raqam se jo suudi ke sathh makhluut ho gayee ho ada kare to oos lebaas ka maalik ban jata hai aur oos lebaas ke pehanne ya oos ke sathh namaaz padhne mein koi ishkaal nahin. Laikin agar bechne waale se kahe keh main yeh lebaas oos raqam se khareed raha hoon to oos lebaas ka maalik nahin hai aur oos ka pehanna haraam hai.
2246. Agar koi shakhs kisi taajir ko kuchh raqam de aur dusre shahar mein oos taajir se raqam le to oos mein koi ishkaal nahin aur oose “surf baraat” kahte hain.
2247. Agar koi shakhs kisi ko koi cheez iis shart par keh dusre shahar mein oos se zayada lega jabkeh woh cheez sona ya chaandi ho ya gandum ya jaw jaise taul kar ya naap kar becha jata ho, to yeh suud aur haraam hai. Han! Jo shakhs zayada le raha ho agar woh izaafe ke muqaable mein koi cheez de ya koi kaam kar de to phir ishkaal nahin. Taaham a’am ra’ej note agar qarze ke taur par diye jayen yo zayada lena jayez nahin. Han! Agar note ko becha jaaye chaahe naqd ya uudhaar jabkeh oos ki raqam qarze ke taur par do jinso mein ho jaise ek dinaar ho aur dasra rupayya to izzafa lene mein koi ishkaal nahin. Lakin agar uudhaar ho aur ek hi jins hio to izzafa lene mein ishkaal hai.
2248. Agar kisi shakhs ne kisi se kuchh qarz lena ho aur woh cheez naapi ya tauli jaane waali jins na ho to woh shakhs oos cheez ko maqruz ya kisi aur ke paas kam qimat ppar bech kar oos ki qimat naqd wasuul sakta hai. Isii bina par maujooda daur mein jo check uar handiyan qarz khawah maqruz se leta hai oonhein woh bank ke paas kisi dusre shakhs ke paas iis se kam qimat par jise a’am taur par bha’o girna kahte hain. Bech sakta hai aur baqqi raqam naqd le sakta hai.
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