Zakaat ka Massraf.

1809. Zakaat ka maal 8 maqaamaat par kharch ho sakta hai

(1) Faqeer- Woh shakhs jiske paas apne Ahl-o-ayaal ke liye saal bhar ke akhrajaat na ho faqeer hai. Laikin jis shakhs ke paas koi hoonar ya koi ja’edaad ya sarmaaya ho jisse woh apne saal bhar ke akhrajaat poore kar sakta ho woh faqeer nahi hai.

(2) Miskeen- Woh shakhs jo faqeer se zyaada tandrust ho miskeen hai

(3) Woh shakhs jo Imaam-e-Asr (a. s) ya naa’eb-e-Imaam ki jaanib se oos kaam par maa’moor ho ke zakaat jamaa kare, ooski nigaahdasht kare, hisaab ki jaanch padtaal kare aur jamaa kiya hua maal Imaam(a. s) ya na’eb e-Imaam ya fuq’raa ko pohoonchaaye.

(4) Woh kuffar jinhein zakaat di jaaye to woh deen-e-Islam ki taraf ma’el ho ya jang mein ya jang ke a’lawa musalmano ki madad kare. Isii tarah woh musalmaan jinka imaan oon ba’az cheezon par jo Paighambar-e-Islam (s. a. w. s) laaye hain kamzor ho laikin agar zakaat di jaaye to oonki imaan ki taqviyat ka sabab ban jaaye ya jo musalmaan Ali(a. s) ki wilaayat par imaan nahi rakhte laikin agar oonko zakaat de di jaaye to woh Ameerul momeneen ki wilaayat ki taraf ma’el ho aur oos par imaan le aaye .

(5) Ghulaamo ko khareed kar azaad karna-jiski tafseel ooske baab mein bayaan hui hai.

(6) Woh maqruz jo apna karz na ada kar sakta ho.

(7) Fisabeeliallah ya’ni woh kaam jiska faayeda tamaam musalmaano ko pohoonchta ho, massjid banana, aisa madarsa ta’ameer karana jahan deeni taalim di jaati ho, shahar ki safaayi karna neiz sadko ko pukhta banana aur oohein chowda karna aur inhi jaise dusre kaam.

(8) Ibne sabeel ya’ni woh musaafir jo safar mein nachaar ho gaya ho.

Yeh who madein jahan zakaat kharch hoti hai laikin maalik zakaat ko Imaam(a. s) ya na’eb-e-Imaam ki ijaazat ke baghair mad no4 mein kharch nahi kar sakta aur isi tarah ehtayaat-e-laazim ki bina par mad no7 ka hukm yahi hai aur mazkurah mado ke ahkaam aa’enda massa’el mein bayaan kiye jaayenge.

1810. Ehtayaat-e-waajib yeh hai ke faqeer aur miskeen apne aur apne Ahl-o-ayaal ke saal bhar ke akhrajaat se zyaada zakaat na le aur agar ooske paas kuch raqam ya jins ho faqt ootni zakaat le jitni raqam ya jins oos saal ke saal bhar ke akhrajaaat ke liye kam padti ho.

1811. Jis shakhs ke paas apne poore saal ka kharch ho agar woh oos ka kuch hissa iete’maal kar le aur ba’d mein shak kare ke jo kuch baaqi bacha hai ooske saal bhar ke akhrajaat ke liye kaafi hai ya nahi to woh zakaat nahi le sakta.

1812. Jis hoonarmand ya saahebe jaayedaad ya taajir ki aamdani ooske saal bhar ke akhrajaat se kam ho woh apne akhrajaat poore karne ke liye zakaat le sakta hai aur laazim nahi hai ke woh apne kaam ke auzar ya jaayedaad ya sarmaaya apne akhrajaat ke massraf mein le aaye.

1813. Jis faqeer ke paas apne aur apne Ahl-o-Ayaal ke liya saal bhar ka kharch na ho laikin ek ghar ka maalik ho jis mein woh rehta ho ya sawaari ki cheez rakhta ho aur oon ke baghair guzar basr na kar sakta ho to khawah yeh suurat apni izzat rakhne ke liye hi ho woh zakaat le sakta hai aur ghar ke saamaan, bartano aur garmi aur sardi ke kapdo aur jin cheezo ki oose zarurat ho oon ke liye bhi yahi hukm hai aur jo faqeer yeh cheezein na rakhta ho agar oonki zarurat ho to woh zakaat mein se khareed sakta hai.

1814. Jo faqeer mehnat kar ke rozi kama sakta ho aur apna aur apne Ahl-o-Ayaal ka kharcha bardaasht kar sakta ho laikin susti ki wajah se rozi na kamaa raha ho, ooske liye zakaat lena jayez nahi hai. Woh t’alib-e-ilm jiske liye rozi kamaana, ooske tehseele ilm ki raah mein rukaawat ho, agar ooska ilm haasil karna waajib-e-aini na ho to kisi bhi suurat mein fuq’raa ke hisse ki zakaat nahi le sakta. Haan! agar ooska ilm haasil karna umoomi faayeda ka sabab ho to ehtayaat-e-laazim ki bina par Haakim-e-Shar’a ki ijaazat se sabeelillah ke hisse se le sakta hai jis faqeer ka hoonar seekhna mushkil na ho ehtayaat-e-waajib ki bina par zakaat par zindagi basar na kare laikin jab tak hoonar seekhne mein masshghul ho zakaaat le sakta hai.

1815. Jo shakhs pahle faqeer raha ho aur woh kehta ho ke main faqeer hoon to agarche ooske kehne par insaan ko itmenaan na ho phir bhi oose zakaat de sakta hai. Laikin jis shakhs ke baare mein yeh m’aloom na ho ke yeh pahle faqeer raha hai ya nahi to ehtayaat ki bina par jab tak ooske faqeer hone ka itminaan na kar le, oosko zakaat nahi de sakta.

1816. Jo shakhs kahe ke main faqeer hoon aur pahle faqeer na raha ho agar ooske kehne par itminaan na ho to oose zakaat nahi di jaa sakti.

1817. Jis shakhs par zakaat waajib ho, agar koi faqeer oos ka maqruz ho to woh zakaat mein se apna karz wasool kar sakta hai.

1818. Agar faqeer mar jaaye uar ooska maal itna na ho jinta oosne karza dena ho to karz khawah karze ko zakaat mein shumaar kar sakta ho balkeh agar matufi ka maal oospar waajib-ul-ada karze ke barabar ho aur ooske wirsa ooska karza na ada kare ya kisi wajah se karz khawa apna karza waapas na le sakta ho tab bhi woh apna karza zakaat mein shumaar kar sakta hai.

1819. Yeh zaruri nahi ke koi shakhs jo cheez faqeer ko zakaat ke taur par ooske baare mein oose bataye ke yeh zakaat hai balkeh agar faqeer zakaat lene mein koft mehsus karta ho to mustahab hai ke oose maal to zakaat ki niyyat se hi diya jaayega laikin ooska zakaat hona oospar zaahir nahi kiya jaaye.

1820. Agar koi shakhs yeh khayaal karte hue kisi ko zakaat de ke woh faqeer hai aur ba’d mein oose pata chale ke woh faqeer na tha ya massle se nawaakif hone ki bina par kisi aise shakhs ko zakaat de de jiske mutta’liq oose ilm na ho ke woh faqeer nahi hai to yeh kaafi nahi hai. Lehaaza oosne jo cheez oos shakhs ko bataure zakaat di thi agar woh baaqi ho to zaruri hai ke oos shakhs se waapas lekar mustaheq ko de aur agar khatm ho gayi hai to agar lene waale ko ilm tha ke woh maal-e-zakaat hai to insaan ooska ewaz oosse lekar mustaheq ko de sakta hai aur agar lene waale ko ilm na tha ke woh maal-e-zakaat hai to oose kuch nahi le sakta aur insaan ko apne maaal se zakat ka ewaz mustaheq ko dena zaruri hai. Ehtayaat-e-waajib ki bina par yahi hukm oos vaqt bhi hai jab oosne faqeer ke baare mein tehqeeq kar li ho ya kisi shar’ee gawahi ke taur par oose faqeer maana ho .

1821. Jo shakhs maqruz ho aur apna karza na ada kar sakta ho aur agar ooske paas apna saal bhar ka kharch bhi ho tab bhi apna karza ada karne ke liye zakaat le sakta hai laikin zaruri hai ke oosne jo maal batuare karza liya ho oose kisi goonaah ke kaam mein kharch na kiya ho.

1822. Agar insaan ek aise shakhs ko zakaat de jo maqruz ho aur apna karza na ada kar sakta ho aur ba’d mein oose pata chale oos shakhs ne jo karza liya tha woh goonaah ke kaam mein kharch kiya tha to agar woh maqruz faqeer ho to insaan ne jo kuch bhi oose diya ho sehme fuq’ra mein shumaar kar sakta hai.

1823. Jo shakhs maqruz ho aur apna karza na ada kar sakta ho agarche woh faqeer na ho tab bi karza khwaha karze ko jo oose maqruz se wasool karna ho zakaat mein shumar kar sakta hi.

1824. Jis musaafir ka zaade raah khatm ho jaaye ya oooski sawaari qaabil-e-iete’maal na reh jaaye agarche woh apne watan mein faqeer na bhi to tab bhi zakaat le sakta hai. Laikin agar woh kisi dusri jagah se karza lekar ya apni koi cheez bechkar safar ke akhrajaat haasil kar sakta ho to woh faqt itni hi miqdaar mein zakaat le sakta hai jiske zariye woh apni manzil tak pohoonch jaaye aur agar apne watan mein koi cheez farokht kar ke ya kiraaye par de, apne liye zaade raah muhaiyya kar sakta hai to ehtayaat-e-waajib ki bina par woh zakaat nahi le sakta.

1825. Jo musaafir safar mein nachaar ho jaaye aur zakaat le aur agar ooske watan jaane tak zakaat mein se kuch bach jaaye aur oose zakaat dene waale ko waapas na pohooncha sakta ho to zaruri hai ke zaa’ed maal Haakim-e-shar’a ko pohooncha de aur oose bata de ke yeh maal zakaat ka hai.