Tuesday, January 12, 2010

Zakaat-e-Fitrah

1872. Eid-ul-fitr ki raat ghuroob-e-aaftaab ke vaqt jo shakhs baaligh aur a’qil ho aur na to behosh ho na faqeer ho aur na hi kisi ka ghulaam ho to zaruri hai ke apne liye aur oon logo ke liye jo ooske yahan khaana khaate ho fi kas ek sa’a jis ke baare mein kaha jaata hai ke taqreeban 3 kg hota hai oon ghizaaon mein se jo ke shahar (ya e’laaqe) mein iete’maal hoti ho, maslan gehoon ya jow ya khajoor ya kishmish ya chaawal ya jawaar mustaheq shakhs ko de aur agar oon ke bajaaye oonki qeemat naqdi ki shakl mein de tab bhi kaafi hai. Ehtayaat-e-laazim yeh hai ke jo ghiza oos shahar mein aam taur se iete’maal na hoti hao chaahe woh gehoon, jow khajoor ya kishmish hi kyoon na ho na de.

1873. Jis shakhs ke paas apne ahl-o-ayaal ke liya saal bhar ke akhrajaat na ho aur ooska koi rozgaar bhi na ho jis ke zariye woh aapne ahl-o-ayaal ka saal bhar ka kharcha poora kar sake woh faqeer hai aur oos par fitrah dena waajib nahi hai.

1874. Jo shakhs eid-ul fitr ki raat ghuroob ke vaqt kisi ke yahan khaana khaane waale samjhe jaayen zaruri nahi ke saheb-e-khana oonka fitrah de, kata’ nazar oosse ke woh jhoote ho, ya bure ho, musalmaan ho ya kaafir ho, oonka kharcha oos par waajib ho ya na ho, aur woh oon ke shahar mein ho ya kisi aur shahar mein ho.

1875. Agar koi shakhs ek aise shakhs ko jo oonke yahan khaana khaane wala girdana na jaaye, aur dusre shahar mein ho, apna numa’inda muqarrar kare ke ooske (ya’ni saaheb-e-khaana ke) maal se itna fitrah de de aur oose itminaan ho ke woh shakhs fitrah de dega to khud saaheb-e-khaana ke liye oos fitre ko dena zaruri nahi hai.

1876. Jo mehmaan eid-ul-fitr ki raat ghuroob-e-aaftaab se pahle saaheb-e-khaana ki razamandi se ooske ghar aaye, raat ooske yahan guzaare aur ooske yahan khaana khaane waalo mein agarche vaqti taur par shumaar ho ooska bhi fitrah saaheb-e-khaana par waajib hai.

1877. Jo mehmaan eid-ul-fitr ki raat ghurub-e-aaftaab ke ba’d waarid ho agar woh saaheb-e-khaana ke yahan khana khaane shumaar ho to fitrah saaheb-e-khaana par ehtayaat ki bina par waajib hai aur agar khaana khaane wala shumaar na ho to waajib nahi hai jis shakhs ki insaan ne eid ki shab mein apne ghar iftaar ke liye bulaaya ho, woh ooske yahan khaana khaane wala shumaar nahi hota aur saaheb-e-khaana par ooska fitrah waajib nahi hai.

1878. Agar koi shakhs Eid-ul-fitr ki raat ghuroob-e-aaftaab ke vaqt deewaana ho aur ooski deewaangi Eid-ul-fitr ke din zohur ke vaqt tak baaqi rahe to oos par fitrah waajib nahi hai warna ehtayaat-e-waajib ki bina par laazim hai ke fitrah de.

1879. Ghuroob-e-aaftaab se pahle agar koi bachcha baaligh ho jaaye ya koi deewana a’qil ho jaaye ya koi faqeer ghani ho jaaye to agar woh fitrah waajib hone ki shara’et ko poori karta ho to zaruri hai ke fitrah de.

1880. Agar Eid-ul-fitr ki raat ghuroob ke vaqt fitrah waajib hone ki shara’et na ho, laikin agar eid ke din zohur ke vaqt se pahle tak fitrah waajib hone ki shara’et oos mein maujood ho jaaye to ehtayaat-e-waajib yeh hai ke fitrah de.

1881. Agar koi kaafir eid-ul-fitr ki raat ghuroob-e-aaftaab ke ba’d musalmaan ho jaaye to oos par fitrah waajib nahi hai. Laikin ek aisa musalmaan jo shia na ho woh Eid ka chaand dekhne ke ba’d shia ho jaaye to zaruri hai ke fitrah de.

1882. Jis shakhs ke paas andaazan 1 sa’a gehoon ya oos jaisi koi cheez ho oos ke liye mustahab hai ke fitrah de aur agar ooske ahl-o-ayaal bhi ho aur woh oonka fitrah bhi dena chahta ho to woh aisa kar sakta hai ke fitre ki niyyat se 1 sa’aa gehoon wagairah apne ahl-o-ayaal mein se kisi ek ko de de aur woh bhi oosi niyyat se dusre ko de de aur isii tarah dete rahe hatta ke woh khaandaan ke aakhri fard tak pohoonch jaaye aur behtar hai ke jo cheez aakhri fard ko mile woh kisi aise shakhs ko de jo woh khud oon logo mein se na ho jinho ne fitrah ek dusre ko diya hai aur agar oon logo mein se koi na baaligh ya dewaana ho to ooska sarparast ooske bajaaye fitrah le sakta hai aur ehtayaat-e-mustahab yeh hai ki woh cheez ooski niyyat se na le balkeh khud ke liye le.

1883. Agar eid-ul-fitr ki raat ghuroob ke ba’d kisi ke yahan bachcha paida ho to ooska fitrah dena waajib nahi hai laikin agar ghuroob se pahle saaheb-e-aulaad ho jaaye ya shaadi kar le, agar woh ooske yahan khaana khaane waale shumar ho to oonka fitrah dena zaruri hai aur agar woh kiis aur ke yahan khana khaane waale shumaar ho to oos par(ya’ni baap ya shauhar par)oonka fitrah waajib nahi hai aur agar kisi ke yahan khaana khaane wala na samhje jaaye to aurat ka fitrah khud par waajib hai aur bachche ki koi zimmedaari nahi hai.

1884. Agar koi shakhs kisi ke yahan khaana khaata ho aur ghuroob se pahle kisi dusre ke yahan khaana khaane wala ho jaaye to ooska fitrah oosi shakhs pe waajib hai jis ke yahan woh khaana khaane wala ban jaaye. Maslan agar aurat ghuroob se pahle shauhar ke ghar chali jaaye to zaruri hai ke shauhar ooska fitrah de.

1885. Jis shakhs ka fitrah kisi dusre shakhs par waajib ho oos par apna fitrah dena waajib nahi hai. Laikin agar woh fitrah na de ya na de sakta ho to ehtayaat ki bina par khud oos shakhs par waajib hai ke massla no. 1852 mein zikr shuda shara’et agar oos mein maujood ho to khud apna fitrah de.

1886. Jis shakhs ka fitrah kisi dusre shakhs par waajib ho, agar woh khud apna fitrah de de to jis shakhs par ooska fitrah waajib ho oos par se ooski adae’gi ka wajoob saakit nahi hota.

1887. Ghair sayyed, kisi sayyed ko fitrah nahi de sakta hatta ke agar sayyed ooske yahan khaana khaata ho tab bhi ooska fitrah woh kisi dusre sayyed ko nahi de sakta.

1888. Jo bachcha maa ya daaya ka doodh peeta ho ooska fitrah oos shakhs par waajib hai jo maa ya daya ke akhrajaat bardaasht karta ho. Laikin agar maa ya daya apna kharcha bachche ke maal se poora karti hai to bachche ka fitrah kisi par waajib nahi hai.

1889. Insaan agarche apne ahl-o-ayaal ka kharcha haraam maal se deta ho, zaruri hai ke oonka fitrah halaal maal se de.

1890. Agar insaaan kisi shakhs ko ujrat par rakhe, jaise mistri badhaii ya khidmadgaar aur ooska kharcha is tarah de ke woh ooska khaana khaane waalo mein shumaar ho to zaruri hai ke ooska bhi fitrah de. Laikin agar sirf kaam ki mazdoori de to oos (ajeer) ka fitrah ada karna oos par waajib nahi hai.

1891. Agar koi shakhs eid-ul-fitr ki raat ghuroob se pahle faut ho jaaye to ooska aur ooske ahl-o-ayaal ka fitrah ooske maal se dena zaruri nahi. Laikin agar ghuroob ke ba’d faut ho to u’lama mein masshhur yeh hai ke ooska aur ooske ahl-o-ayaal ka fitrah ooske maal se diya jaaye. Laikin yeh hukm ishkaal se khaali nahi hai aur ehtayaat ke taqazon ko tarq nahi kiya jaaye.

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